Bowel cancer generally refers to cancer that begins in the large bowel. Depending on the site, it can be called either colon or rectal cancer.

Although unlikely, cancer can start in the small intestine.

 

Symptoms to be concerned about:

- Blood in your stool

- Change in bowel habits – persistent constipation or diarrhoea

- Unexplained weight loss

- Persistent abdominal pain

 

Risk factors:

- Most people diagnosed with bowel cancer are over 65

- A high intake of meat can increase your risk

- Obesity may increase your risk

- A lack of exercise will increase your risk

- Alcohol and smoking may increase your chances of getting bowel cancer

- A family history of bowel cancer puts you at a higher risk of developing the disease

 

Screening:

A colonoscopy (examination of the colon with a small, flexible, lighted tube) should be done on an annual basis for patients over 60 and for younger patients who fall in the high risk category.

 

This procedure is done under conscious sedation – you will be in a light sleep.

 

During your colonoscopy a small biopsy (removing of a small amount of tissue) of your colon or rectum will be taken. This is not painful. The small tissue sample will be sent to the laboratory for testing.

 

Treatment:

A combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be used.

As with most cancers, the chance on a full recovery depends on how soon it is diagnosed.